How significant a problem is youth offending Essay

How huge an issue is youth affronting - Essay Example Their stay in the jail must be used to adjust their character, so that upon discharge, they would think that its simple to acclimatize into the standard of society. The careless society and grown-ups are liable for lion's share of the criminal offenses by youngsters. Early educational encounters have a lot to do with the criminal leanings of the youths. Low accomplishment in school, family ancestry of issue conduct, and absence of social responsibility could be a portion of the explanations behind the young to get into violations. Youth guilty parties ought not be treated as the ordinary hoodlums. Leniently, there is a different youth equity framework to care for this perspective, through the mediation of Youth Courts. In his book named â€Å"Criminology† Tim Newburn, bargains broadly regarding this matter in part â€Å"Youth Crime and Youth Justice (p714-741). He features the job of the organization, the working of the jails, police and estimation of youth culpable and attempts to offer suitable arrangements. No two youthful wrongdoers are indistinguishable and they require fluctuated kinds of directing based on their backgrounder data, with regards to what drove them to the way of wrongdoing. Society and organization have bunches of duty in rewarding and taking care of the first run through guilty parties. Youth, other than being ignitable, have naive personalities. Each guilty party is definitely not a crook, yet has the probability to get one, if not guided well in time. What is significant is to build up a comprehension of the reasons for wrongdoing. What is the conceivable arrangement? Newburn composes, â€Å"†¦imposition of an exceeding focus on youth equity, the making of the Youth Justice Board to regulate practice, and the foundation of multi-office Youth Offending Teams to convey justice†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (p.549) are significant. A definitive point of the changing offices is to focus on the culpable conduct and to address the particular components connected with offender’s

Baldwin Water Works free essay sample

In 1996 the city of Cleveland started a $750 million Plant Enhancement Program. The program’s objective was to revamp and modernize the city’s four water treatment offices, which are among the 10 biggest in the US, and were worked in 1856; more than 500 million gallons of water are siphoned to Cleveland occupants day by day. In the accompanying paper I endeavor to furnish with a review of the Baldwin Water Work Plant Enhancement Program (PEP) (one of the four water treatment offices) scope, time plan, expenses, and targets; depict the program’s life cycle stages required to execute all undertakings included; indentify and dissect the conceivable related dangers, and present the separate hazard reactions; characterize the controlling and observing procedure of the program; indentify and break down the structure things of the program’s plan that were basic to arrive at key accomplishments. Destinations, Scope of Work, Budget The initial move towards the meaning of the Plant Enhancement Program’s (PEP) targets is indentifying the need that this arrangement of tasks endeavor to fulfill: created in 1924, Baldwin Water Works Plant needs remodels and upgrades. We will compose a custom exposition test on Baldwin Water Works or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The following stage is for the program the executives expert (PMC) to understand the projects targets. Around here case, as in numerous different cases, PMC isn't relegated early enough so as to take an interest in the arrangement of the destinations; the goals are set up by the program’s support. Besides, so as to comprehend and approve PEP’s destinations should, the PMC must mull over PEP’s open nature; open programs’ targets â€Å"should be lined up with the significant needs in the general public and the requirements of the users† (Samset as refered to in Shiferaw and Klakegg, standard. 1, pg. 14). As indicated by the need and PEP’s nature, PMC must arrive at the accompanying destinations: Evaluate and streamline water gracefully Rehabilitate and modernize water treatment office, guaranteeing it is at its most noteworthy operational productivity and wellbeing Develop and actualize new plant working framework Reproduce offices bringing about the least water rates conceivable Limit future facilities’ operational and upkeep costs Renovate the current organization building, while at the same time keeping up its verifiable structure Supply Cleveland’s downtown and eastside networks with spotless and safe consumable water (City of Cleveland 2010, pg. 20). When the PMC has distinguished the PEP’s objective, it needs to approve these destinations in the extent of work (Kezner 2013, pg. 521). The Project Management Consultant is answerable for all task exercises including arranging, structure, and development, and cost, time and quality administration. PMC will: reproduce and improve water treatment offices by supplanting plant’s valves and funnels, restoring plant’s channels, and moving from a manual operational framework to PLC-based operational framework; give preparing and hands-on help on the new operational framework for all representatives; meet and surpass existing and future guidelines set by the province of Ohio; perform engineering and basic restoration of Baldwin Water Works chronicled organization building. At long last, during reproductions and redesigns the PMC will keep the plant operational. After the foundation of the program’s destinations and extent of work, the PMC must gauge the project’s consummation time, and all costs included; PMC must build up the program’s time plan and financial plan. One of the most helpful devices for achieving those two assignments is Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) (Lewis 2007, pg. 56). The program can be separated into four levels, as portrayed in outline 1, page 4. By separating the program into explicit undertakings and assignments the PMC can more readily characterize expenses of the material, hardware and exertion required for the projects exercises, and furthermore the time required. Notwithstanding the WBS and so as to figure generally the PEP’s costs, the PMC will utilize surmised gauge. The PEP’s cost is evaluated by relationship to the Morgan Water Plant Rehabilitation program, in Cleveland, OH, which has a comparable extent of work and limit (Shook Construction 2013) (Kerzner 2013, pg. 680). The absolute expense for the Morgan Water Plant Rehabilitation program was $26 million; the Baldwin Water Works Plan Enhancement Program is 15 percent increasingly troublesome, thinking about the sensitive work essential for the redesign of the authentic organization building. These outcome in an expected expense of $30 million for the consummation of our PEP (Kezner 2013, pg. 680) (www. shookconstruction. com). At long last, the PMC recognizes two kinds of spending plans: disseminated financial plan is characterized by the worker hours a required for the accomplishment of the errands and subtasks set up in the WBS, and the fundamental materials and hardware required (for example 2,500 tons of 20† by 48† flexible iron channeling, 48† electrically actuated valves, PLC-Based control instruments, channel medias, record shingles, crane, drillers, solid, iron gunnels, stone work, outside windows); the executives save of $3 million utilized in the event of accelerations in development laborers pay rates, unexpected deferrals coming about during faculty preparing on the new PLC-Based working framework, dangers Diagram 1. Baldwin Water Works Plant Enhancement Program WBS (Shook Construction 2013) (Bowen Associates Inc. 2013). Engaged with the instance of the organization building multifaceted structures unsettling influence, vacillations in costs of fundamental material and gear (Kezner 2013, pg. 751). The all out PEP’s financial plan coming about after the ID of the two spending types is $33 million. Life Cycle, Time Plan notwithstanding WBS and so as to evaluate the time plan for the PEP’s fruition, PMC must characterize the projects life cycle. The most normally kind of life-cycle program utilized for development ventures is the successive one or cascade program life-cycle; this is the one that PMC will use for this particular case. As indicated by cascade life-cycle the accompanying system stages are characterized: Diagram 2. Baldwin Water Works Program Life-Cycle (Hallows 2005, pg. 84) To all the more likely gauge the project’s time of consummation or timetable, PMC needs to expand on the recognized stages. During Phase 1, the PMC completes a plausibility study; at this stage the program’s objectives and targets, specialized angles, challenges, quotes and improvement plan are characterized. At this stage and as a result of the project’s open nature, the responsibility and interest of neighborhood, state and government specialists are of a high significance. The City of Cleveland Water Division gives the PMC the general rules, however it needs to take an interest in the improvement of the achievability concentrate so as to ensure that the sum total of what rules have been comprehended and mulled over by the PMC. Besides, now the project’s money related plausibility is being assessed. Out of the aggregate of $750 million to be given towards the city’s four water treatment plants upgrade program, $33 million are circulated towards the Baldwin Water Works Plant Enhancement program. The time required for the fulfillment of the plausibility study is a half year. Toward the finish of the investigation the two ventures, Renovation and Reconstruction, under the PEP are regarded achievable and affirmed for advancement by the City of Cleveland Water Division (proprietor). The finish of Phase 1 starts Phase 2; arranging of the PEP. At this stage the extent of work, referenced previously, is built up, targets are refined, expectations named, spending plan and timetable characterized. What's more, the City of Cleveland Landmarks Commission’s rules towards the remodel of the noteworthy organization building are being assessed and specialized qualities of that undertaking distinguished. Besides, State and Federal Governing Bodies guarantee that the program’s targets and specialized perspectives are adjusted to ebb and flow water guidelines, and that future advancements are being mulled over. At long last, dangers are recognized by the given inward and outer difficulties, assessed, and reactions are created. One year for the culmination of Phase 2. The PMC at that point is pushing ahead with the detail plan of the undertakings and the assignments required so as to arrive at destinations and expectations; Phase 3. The two errands under the Renovation venture are being created at this stage (Case Study). The PMC builds up an office plan by mapping out and organizing all the fundamental enhancements of the plant’s offices. What's more an office arranging advisor is recruited to direct assessments of every single existing structure and indentify the Renovation’s extent of work. At that point Bowen Associates Inc. is employed to give detail plan of the venture, give material, gear, structural designers, engineers, and development laborers for the compositional and basic undertakings and subtasks portrayed in Diagram 1 WBS (Bowen Associates Inc. 2013). Moreover, Shook Construction Company is recruited for the structure of the Reconstruction venture. Shook Construction is liable for giving all material and gear, structural designers, modelers, electrical and mechanical specialists, and development laborers required for the finishing of the project’s assignments and subtasks portrayed in Diagram 1 WBS. The time required for completing Phase 3 is one year. After the detail plan of the two projects’ assignments and subtasks, it is the ideal opportunity for the PMC to start the usage of the program; Phase 4. Both Shook Construction Company, liable for the Reconst

The Four Signs of Emotionally Unavailable Men

The Four Signs of Emotionally Unavailable Men As human beings, each of us is a pool of emotionsâ€" and any changes to this pool influence our behavior. To the extreme, excessive emotions can fuel psychological problems like anxiety, depression, or drug and alcohol abuse.Ladies, have you ever had a partner whose words did not match his actions? Have you met a man who loves the chase; but once you respond positively, he stops calling.Or a male partner who is in a relationship with you and with someone else at the same? All of this sounds ridiculous, right? But you might also find it to be irritating and heartbreaking.Warning â€" you might have an emotionally unavailable man on your hands. So, what then? Often you are left with a confused mind â€" not knowing how to handle the situation. Continue reading for signs and ideas on how to deal with an emotionally unavailable man.Although being in a relationship with such man does not involve physical assault by default, it is detrimental to your mental health and feelings (heart and min d), so pay close attention.EMOTIONAL UNAVAILABILITY IS A REALITY OF LIFEFirstly, let’s define what emotional unavailability is.Does it mean the same as emotional ignorance?Not really.Emotionally unavailable people do not even realize their emotional state â€" regardless of whether they are ignorant or intelligent. Among the things they know and recognize is that they are right, fine, and need attention.In most cases, they will not value or pay attention to your concerns or they will only criticize you. Such people expect to be cared for, yet there is no way you can do that because they simply will not allow you to.In the case you are in a relationship with an emotionally unavailable man, just one small question or comment from you regarding any of his actions could ruin it all.He can simply put an end to your speech by telling you a phrase along the lines of, “I don’t like the way you speak with food in your mouth,” or “I’ll handle that” if you have a concern that need s to be addressed.He would not want to speak about the issue at hand â€" no matter how hard you try.Who on Earth would not love to be listened to?Communication makes us better people in our families, marriages, and social groups. But when communication break-down happens the then relationship slowly starts to die. The most common reason for this is one of the partners becoming emotionally unavailable.It literally means “communication death” because one partner (the emotionally unavailable one) deprives the other of the right to expression thus lowering the victim’s self-confidence, and this is where confusion and desperation sets in.Emotional unavailability affects both partners in a relationship regardless of what kind of relations is in question. But have you ever wondered what are the possible causes for this seemingly destructive emotion? WHAT MAKES A MAN EMOTIONALLY UNAVAILABLE?Just like any natural phenomena, emotional unavailability in men can be caused by several natur al factors which include:Poor role models â€" Men’s behaviors (especially the social aspect â€" that entails communication skills) are greatly influenced by the people they look up to as role models. For instance, their fathers. If the role model exhibited negative characters, then chances are that the man (or the boy) will foster the same destructive characters that led to his role model becoming emotionally unavailable. Such a man will often have trouble communicating his feelings, especially to their spouse.The society â€" Men are viewed to be powerful, strong and (if you like) unapproachable individuals. Even as a small boy, he is expected not to be crying over any small issue because “crying is for girls”â€" this is what you will always hear from the society. This, together with other factors (that promote improper socialization) harms a man’s ability to connect with others at an intimate emotional level.Traumatic encounters/experiences â€" Traumatic events prevent one from outgrowing their fears. This factor alone is enough to prevent a man from being there for you in your relationship since it deters him from acknowledging his feelings and problems as well.Undeserving response to emotions â€" As indicated earlier, the society expects men to be problem/issue solvers and not the other way around. This means that they are not supposed to share their issues or experiences as this would be a sign of defeat or cowardice. You can almost imagine how this culture has enormous effects on the man’s social life â€" specifically on their long-lasting relationships like marriage.SIGNS OF EMOTIONAL UNAVAILABILITY IN RELATIONSHIPSBeing in a relationship with an emotionally unavailable individual does you more harm than good because this leaves you frustrated, full of pain and lonely.By being unavailable emotionally, it means he is absent in every aspect of your relationship because emotions are what make the connection between two humans.Going by this alone, it essentially means that there will be no emotional connection between the two of you thus, leading to a “dead relationship”.Often referred to as “defense mechanism,” emotional unavailability negatively impacts relationships. It takes a severe toll on your self-esteem (as the victim).This type of men will always have an excuse to justify their behavior. For instance, because he is avoiding your company (they will often do this to avoid intimacy between the two of you) he will offer excuses such as:Staying up in the office till late.Always hanging out with friends.Always on business trips.Blaming you for anything and everything.Constantly making fun of you.Using sarcasm or unpleasant tone of voice.Saying phrases with conditions: “If you don’t, I’ll-“ and “I love you, but-. “He would do any or all these just to avoid you or make you feel unwanted â€" to push you away. Also, be on the lookout for the following common signs of emotionally unavailable men:1. They exh ibit robot-like characteristicsIt does sound funny, right? If this is your man, then the truth is that he keeps you guessing about his feelings given that regardless of whether he is happy, sad or tired he exhibits similar characteristics.Personally, I think this is torture â€" psychological torture for that matter. As a human being, you cannot read one’s mind, although they say it is possible for soul mates â€" this does not work to a great extent.Any time you raise an issue, it hits a dead end with no constructive feedback. Sometimes this ends up in an anger-filled yell. By the way, such people only express emotions through anger â€" which is the only emotion you can read from them. Other than that, they are always “fine”.It is unimaginable how the lack of proper communication can be detrimental to your relationship considering that the role of communication is to address the parties’ unfilled needs, and in this case, one party is not willing (due to several factors which may include stress, suspicions, and doubts about the relationship).Also, it could be that you are too needy that he feels you only need him to fill some sort of emotional void for you. In this case, he will withdraw and keep things to himself while also avoiding you.2. They are self-centeredEverything they say is about “me”â€" “I need…” “My party…” “My car…”These men consider only what favors them. If you’re saying, “yes, this is him now…” then you must have noticed that he rarely speaks about your areas of interest.For instance, you are home from work, feeling frustrated about how the boss mishandled you back at work. Then here you are trying to share with him hoping that he will offer you encouragement words or some sort of love feeling to cover it all, and then he suddenly gets up from the seat and says, “I’m leaving for my birthday party.”“What? This could be a joke…” â€" how come he didn’t even let you know that he’ll be celebrating his birthday?Always be prepared for big surprises from this kind of men because they plan and do things without putting you in the picture â€" it’s all about what’s convenient for them. Note: They view the relationship as something to serve them.3. They are perfectionistsAnything that proceeds from your mouth will never be good enough for such men. They’ll be ever criticizing everything you do (big or small) and everything about you. But notice that this is just a way to keep them at an emotional distance.Such men can utter annoying statements to include how you eat, dress, walk, talk…they will say, “I don’t like how you eat”, or “Why don’t you dress like so and so” â€" he is always comparing you to others. Then you realize, he’s no longer interested in you.4. Anger is the often-expressed emotion in themYou will never see anything in between their emotions other than anger and the phrase “fine”â€"“I’m fine” or “Everything is fine.” When you get t his as a response, do not insist on putting across your concern. Instead, take back your statement and wait for the right time. You can as well inquire if he is able to engage in constructive discussion.Always ensure that you periodically request for hearing checks for an enhanced communication process.Do not be surprised by how much an emotionally unstable man will be quick to defend himself and pass on the blame to others â€" this is their known trait. It is quite difficult to engage such men in a discussion (knowing well that they are easily aroused to anger). HOW TO HANDLE AN EMOTIONALLY UNAVAILABLE MENIf the man in your life ticked off all the boxes for signs of emotionally unavailable men and you still wish to fight for your relationship, then first things must come first.And that is â€" get to understand yourself and find out what you want out of your relationship. If after your soul-searching and situation analysis you find out that the main reason for your rocky relationshi p is your partner’s emotional unavailability, then you read below for ways how to handle him.The most important thing to do at this point is to try to be respectful and accommodative of your partner. This indeed requires some skills on how to handle the entire process â€" such as:Be patient â€" set yourself a time limit for your patience period. This may not be easy for you especially if you have reached that point of calling it a quit. But if there is still some hope, give it some more time but with a deadline. If the time passed and nothing changes for the better, then you should exit the relationship â€" otherwise, you may wait forever. Simply walk out and stop wasting your time there. Give him space â€" do not push them to open emotionally, as this will only worsen the situation. At this stage, you want to do everything possible to make him share his feelings and concerns with you. So, approach him with at most care â€" keenly craft your statement and deliver it in a respectfu l manner (after getting the permission to do so from him).This tactic can yield unexpected results considering that he may decide to open-up because of his appreciation of you respecting his space.Pay close attention to what he says â€" it is important to listen to what he says directly and indirectly, instead of selectively hearing what you wish to hear from you. Emotionally unavailable men will show you or some will even tell you that they are not interested in making long-term plans with you. In such a case, do not waste your time thinking that he will one day change his mind and commit â€" you will be lying to yourself. Collect yourself and simply move on. Only stay if there is a long-term commitment plan and not a “potential” long-termIn addition,considering trying the following actions before you close this chapter of your life:It is evident that communication is lacking between the two of you at this point, and if it exists, then it is inadequate. To improve your communic ation with such a person, you need to become your true self â€" speak out your heart and feelings with no pretense.If you want him to listen to you, inquire if he has time to listen to you or periodically ask for hearing checks.Willing to learn his needs, feels, or thoughts? Ask â€" but be aware that he may not be able to identify or describe these things considering the already existing harm to his psychological well-being.At times you may wish to share how his unavailability affects you (which seems difficult). You can use these simple steps to do so:First, take note of how you feel around him â€" when you are together.Ask if he is okay with having a constructive discussion.If the response is “Yes,” go ahead and deliver a respectful message like “I always long to be by your side, but sometimes it seems difficult because I can’t figure out your feelings towards me.” or “When you don’t answer my questions, I feel-.”Nevertheless, avoid responses that will degrade your relationship further by triggering the obvious negative reactions. These include statements or actions like:Complaining and criticizing: For instance, “You mean this is how you pay me back after all I’ve done for you?”Questioning: For example, “Why don’t you care about me?” â€"meaning that he is irresponsible and careless (which indicates a negative trait).Judging and name-calling: For instance, “People who care less about their partners are inhuman, don’t you think?”Irritation and resentment: “Is it hard to call and inform me that you’ll be late?”Name tagging â€" Referring to people with undeserving names. For example, “Poor Tom, he is just a poor church mouse.”Slander and gossip â€" “Have you heard that she went to the doctor only to realize that she isn’t pregnant?”.You could be saying now, “But I’ve tried all these to no avail!”. Then do not stay in a relationship with the “I’ll change him” perception. It is not practical to change someone, only they have this power.Be honest with yourself â€" do not say, “I’ll learn to cope with his weaknesses” when deep inside you know perfectly well that you will not do that.A healthy relationship requires a huge investment of time, love and of course being there for one another. To ascertain your decision, ask yourself a simple question “Will I stay happy if things remained the way they are?”.If the answer is no or you are in doubt; then maybe it is time to pack your bags. TO CONCLUDEIn simple terms, emotional unavailability can be described as the impotence and reluctance to express feelings or emotions, thoughts, or needs.It is undeniable that emotional unavailability is hard to deal with, especially on the victim’s side, as it requires a great level of understanding and patience (most individuals tend to give up on after a while).Very few individuals understand and know the contributing factors thus calling for more awareness through writing, physical mobili zation, and through open public forums.If you are in a relationship with an emotionally unavailable man, consider the following summarized ways of how to handle this situation:Learn, adapt and express empathic listeningKeep your true self in charge â€" do not pretend to be what you are not. For instance, do not lie by saying things like “I feel good when I’m around you,” and deep inside you know this is false.Maintain a respectful and genuine respect attitudeâ€"that can be seen and felt through your actions.Get to understand the causes of emotional unavailability.Be clear about your feelings, opinions, rights, and needs. Express yourself freely in a respectful manner (negative and attitude-loaded responses will put off your conversation instantly).Lastly, begin by acknowledging that emotionally unavailable people are not bad by default since it is okay to be emotionally unavailable at some point in life.Nevertheless, of course, be mindful and ensure that it does not take a tol l on your relationship forever.

Potential Impact of Blogs on Communication Essay - 1415 Words

The Potential Impact of Blogs on Communication The advent of weblogs as instruments of Web-based conversation shall surely increase the exchange of news-related and academic information; probably not to the extent that books or newspapers have, but certainly in an open and accessible way. Gradually as they gain in popularity, blogs shall transform the field of journalism from one of complacent reporting to a more competitive and less elitist industry. Motivated individuals, with the use of their personal blogs, shall weigh in on important and controversial topics related to politics and social issues. Similarly, separated networks of academics shall benefit from more convenient access in communicating their ideas across long†¦show more content†¦With this expansion came increased literacy and rapid progress in the fields of industry, scholastics, and economics. A telling consequence of this expansion is that, within a century of the invention of Gutenbergs printing press, the calligrapher and the hand-copyist were no lo nger available occupations (Mumford, 94). Eventually, as this technology became wide-spread and more efficient, mass produced newspapers became reliable and essential sources of information on business, politics, and current events, in general. For this and other reasons, explaining the full significance of machine-based printing is a seemingly endless task. The far-reaching affects of movable type and of the printing press are truly inestimable; they changed the world and provided the key instrument for advancing beyond an ascetic and monotonous existence. The great significance of these inventions has been to unify peoples from different geographical and ethnic backgrounds on the idea that knowledge is advanced when ideas are exchanged, and that the best instrument for such exchange is the book. By providing professionals with this forum for communication, namely books and libraries, the expansion of books has connected small networks of scholars with other separated networks. Tod ay, for instance, scholars from all across the world are leading numerous transnational efforts toShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Social Media On Contemporary Business Communication1409 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The impact of social media on contemporary business communication.† First at all we need to understand the Social media is the collective of an online Communication of Channels of dedicated to community- based system inputs, interagency, content-sharing and collaboration. The websites and the Applications of dedicated to Create a forum, a microblogging, social networking, the social bookmarking, and wikis are Among the different types of social media. 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Aristotle s View On Human Nature Essay - 2321 Words

This quote by Aristotle was taken from ‘Aristotle: a Very Short Introduction’ and there is no-one of whom this is more true than Aristotle as he was dedicated to every possible discipline he could sink his teeth into making him one of the utmost key figures within philosophy, not only in classical philosophy but he is still regarded as influential in modern philosophy. As well as being a devoted biologist, botanist, moral philosopher, psychologist, zoologist and many more things besides Aristotle held a view about human nature that he interwove into his concept of virtue theory, this is described at some length in the text Nicomachean Ethics. It is this view on human nature that I intend to explain and discuss throughout this essay with reference to some more recent philosophers to show that Aristotle’s view was not only linked directly to Athenian society but has managed to stand the test of time. A point I will return to later in a yet to posted article ‘Can we Consider Modern Ethics to be Aristotelian or Nietzschean?’, this article is much better written and argues the points in greater detail. I must admit this was in fact a very early work of mine and although some editing has been made it still lacks the strength some of my later pieces possess. From quite early on in the text Aristotle starts to interweave his views on human nature[2]. He makes the claim that by nature man is blind to morality suggesting that man is naturally an amoral creature, this is backed up byShow MoreRelatedAristotle s Views On Human Nature1115 Words   |  5 PagesAristotle, a prominent ancient Greek philosopher, wrote about what makes humans act in a way that benefits others for the better. One of those beneficial behaviors Aristotle mentioned was called virtuous behaviors. According to Aristotle, if there are virtues than one, the good will express the best and most complete virtue. In other words, it is best to engage in complete virtues, not incomplete ones. Aristotle believed that human good is equal to virtue, and that we should commit acts of virtueRead MoreAristotle s View Of Politics Essay1454 Words   |  6 Pagesorder to understand what Aristotle means when he says man is a Zoon politikon it is essential to understand the concept and reasoning behind his writings of The politics as a whole. This essay intends to discuss Aristotle s view of politics through the way in which he layers the fundamental concept of hierarchy of humans and natural societies to show that man by nature works for the common good. I will also discuss the conflicting views between the works of both Aristotle and Hobbes in orderRead MorePlato s Interpretation Of Utopia1630 Words   |  7 PagesPlato and Aristotle shared many differences despite also sharing a teacher student relationship. This essay will strive to establish their understandings of reason and the role reason plays in their comprehensions of politics, differentiating between the kinds of reason and politics produced as a result. Plato is regarded as the first writer of political philosophy while Aristotle is recognised as the first political scientist. Plato’s interpretation of Utopia is founded upon the existence of threeRead MoreAristotle s Contributions Of Western Philosophy1124 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the greatest classical Greek philosophers still known is Aristotle. His contributions to Western philosophy are in the areas of nature, nature, logic, metaphysics, the soul, morality, and politics. He was one of Plato’s students and studied under him for twenty years in the academy in Athens. He started to lecture about his on top of rhetoric. Aristotle became well known for his philosophies he began to tutor Phillip of Macedon son Alexander. After the death of Phillip’s, the school of platonicRead MoreSocrates And Aristotle s Life1491 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosopher Aristotle is widely thought to have said, The ultimate value of life depends upon awareness and the power of conte mplation rather than upon mere survival. The earliest accounts of human history chronicle the struggle for survival against all odds. It is therefore remarkable that roughly 2400 years ago the question of virtue was raised, let alone contemplated at great length, forming a foundation upon which Western philosophers build to the present day. Socrates and Aristotle were twoRead MoreThe Debate Of Economics Between Bentham And Aristotle926 Words   |  4 PagesA Debate of Economics Between Bentham and Aristotle With all the many issues facing our country today it is difficult to pin down exactly what the biggest issue is, so instead of picking the biggest issue I decided to pick the issue that has affected people the most in this country as well as other countries which would be economics. When it comes to economics the biggest issue facing our country is that we no longer produce what we need to keep up with our economic system, so what if the philosophersRead MoreAre There Any Immoral Religions Or Any Moral Atheists?1204 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding of moral philosophy lays the basis for comprehending the nature of any other type of philosophical discipline. Many of the philosophers in the past believed in the existence of a Mighty being who is in control of everything. In the same breath, Aristotle and Aquinas believed that God took care of everything, and only living a virtuous life guaranteed to be like Him. On some issues, Aquinas supported Aristotle s thinking, while in o thers he differed intensely. To achieve this goal,Read MoreComparing Dante And Aquinas On Happiness1377 Words   |  6 PagesLive a Diversified Life For Dante and Aquinas, happiness does not only compose a useful life on earth but also in Heaven. Dante and Aquinas were sure that continued use of Aristotle virtues would not land any of their followers in heaven. To increase chances of one entering heaven, Dante and Aquinas developed proposed the incorporation of hope, faith, and charity into the daily virtues that people possess. According to Dante and Aquinas, possession of virtues like good temper and judgement couldRead MorePolitical Philosophy, By Steven Cahn1197 Words   |  5 PagesIn Steven Cahn s book, Political Philosophy, The Essential Texts, philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau created the circumstances to enable the fundamental principals of philosophy and politics. These knowledgeable, astute and significant men have helped to achieve the structure of our past and present democracy as well as a plan of action for the rights and values that we as citizens can all relate to today . They are grounded in their thinking and tied togetherRead MoreWhat Is The Purpose Of Life?1619 Words   |  7 PagesPurpose Of Life? Probably the MVP of questions, What is the purpose of life?, Has come across all of mankinds thought s some time or another and for each individual, it is plausible that they pondered this topic on numerous occasions throughout their life s. Many people find solace in their religions, others look to the ancients and the stars, while some, just trust in nature. Maybe within all of these outlooks, you can find truths about the meaning of life, but is the meaning or purpose of life

Born Too Short Free Essays

Thirteen year-old, five-foot one Matt Greene has one problem. He also has many talents that go unnoticed. He is very intelligent and can play the guitar. We will write a custom essay sample on Born Too Short or any similar topic only for you Order Now But, he does not get the respect due to him because of his height. He does not play sports, and has gotten rejected by girls he wants to date. They do not want a boyfriend who is the size of a dwarf. Unlike Matt, his best friend, Keith, was the coolest most popular guy. He is everything that Matt is not. He stands a towering six feet three inches tall and is captain of the basketball team. He does not have any problems getting dates with the girls. Matt aspires to be like him, but he just does not have the same effect as Keith. Matt became very angry one day and confessed his jealousy of Keith to himself. He wished that bad things would happen to Keith. He wanted Keith’s girlfriend to dump him. He wanted him to be bad at sports. He also wanted Shania Twain, who was going to star in Keith’s father’s movie, to look like a horse. Suddenly the next day, all of his wishes started coming true. Keith’s girlfriend cheated on him. Keith missed the last point in the championship game, thus causing his team to lose. Shania Twain had a car accident, and had to have plastic surgery on her face, and in the newspaper, she looked like a horse. Good fortune fell upon Matt. He has a scholarship to Paris for music and found himself a girlfriend, named Jose. After realizing what happened to Keith, Matt feels guilty. He feels that his secret envy has ruined his best friend’s life. He wanted to make every thing go back to normal. He had to talk to Keith to resolve the conflict. After a heartfelt conversation with Keith, Matt learns that he does not need to be like his friend. He realizes that every person is different and that is what makes people unique. He appreciates the friendships that he shares with Keith and Jose. Now, Matt is more careful in what he thinks about people without knowing how they may be feeling. How to cite Born Too Short, Essay examples

Women free essay sample

Granny writing to you to Inform you of how we did things In 1920. Things such as clothing, fashion and how It changed things for good. Hope things are going well with you, at the same time there were many things that I adopted to the change as well as others getting the fashion change. You will not believe how sexual activity and other social interaction changed as well; it has a lot to do with how you made it here to be my lovely DARPA.The magazines and movies played a very big part of shaping up things for us as ladies. Our clothing developed a closer relationship to art by the end of the First World War (the roaring sis). We simply would put together elegant designs with fabrics. We would coordinate outfits with hats, shoes, stockings, handbags and jewelry. That wouldnt look good in black and white photographs. The Dresses worn were shorter than the ones worn before 1920. Some women were there stocking more visible than others, they were being made with designs to match outfits as well.Now DARPA your granny wanted to be a part of the changes that were going on but your late great father would allow those types of changes under his roof. Some of the girls I would often hang out with truly didnt understand his reasoning, neither did l. The sexual activeness as well as other social interaction increased in the (1920), with the use of automobiles. There were young girls as young as 1 6 that would sneak out of the house climbing down from their bedroom window not trying to wake up their parents. In the cars there were couples that would be found by the police having sex.Keep in mind that in the cities this was hipping more so it grew rapidly. A term came about in which we call prostitution, this Is where a person would have sex In return for money. So with all that said In some states there was a law that was put In place for couples not to kiss In public. In some dance halls you couldnt even dance up close. There were people thrown in Jail for violating these laws. So for us being a woman was a complex balance between respect and freedom circumscribed our social and economic world. Women were cutting their hair into bob shaped, just fit in the era of the flapper.This emerged in 1926 to value the pushing lines of our sexuality. As you may know your grandfather my dad wasnt going for this look either It was a change that he TLD allow under his roof. Although my mother went ahead a cut my hair anyway it caused so much drama in our home. The neighbors thought I was a family member visiting and ask my father about me when he came home from work one evening and he told them he didnt know who they were talking about so he came inside and there I was sitting in the television. My father was so mad he made he my mother didnt talk for a week.That was the last time Id ever go behind his back again. All this happened for a reason later that year we were headed to a major changed we a ladles wanted to do a just as much as the males could do. We wanted to voted, by land and work just like he men did. So we came into a prohibition, this was approved by 36 states; the Amendment was signed on January 16, 1920. This was put into play to help protect women and children from alcoholism. There were people that believed that women were the mall cause of thing going this way. Women were drinking, hanging out with were married.A prohibition law was passed to help out America for many of these things. So the government decided to pass laws on (PDA). This soon fails so they came out with an Anti-prohibition law. This was for those people who were against the prohibition law. There were people that didnt think all these new changes that ere going on werent that bad. They even were thinking that drinking was a respectable thing to do in some cases. Some the ads that I remember are Black Jack gum (Good for the throat), Old North State Cigarettes, Edgerton. (http:// www. Youth. Com/watch? =Xenophobia) The roles that movies favored was pretty much for entrainment, leisure time it also showed new styles and was to live. The magazines played a major role of keeping up to date on the styles that were out, so they would be the first ones to wear in the public eye. Magazines also contain advertising products such as vacuums that would do twice the work, the ads would ell if you get this you want be bored. After finding out all this information these women were buying swimsuits, more beauty products and more shoes, in which sowed toes, strapless, and heals out. Most women would look forward to sportswear at a younger age along with radio broadcasting songs about womens needs and wants. The magazines contained pictures of clothes showing a little more than what we should show as the women are to be. Jazz was on the best role models for the sass it was the hottest thing from (1920-1923). The radios played Jazz music on the regular in 1926; artists such as Louis Armstrong, Duke Elongating, and Paul Godsons and your grandfathers favorite.This new music genre was not only recognized as a fashion but as entertainment. The largest change that I encountered was when Henry Ford Created the Automobile. It brought about a lot of Americans buying cars which leaded to the government having to build more roads and it caused Florida to cut into the glaciers which also brought about tsunamis. In the year of 1929 (Black Tuesday) the stock market crashed, and the countrys like for Jazz is over. But the stock market had little to do with the economy since very few people owned stocks and securities.It certainly help provoke help of the nations banking system, due to bank failures, there was a rash of personal bankruptcies and evictions. And since the banks were about to crash anyway but a large number of fames and workers were not able to buy goods that were needed as well as pay off loans that were overdue. So the UN-bought goods stayed on the shelves, causing numerous numbers of people to lose their Jobs. So with all that information I Just gave you my DARPA. I hope that you may have learned and be able to teach girls and women about being a lady. Love Granny!!!

George Washington Essays (1130 words) - George Washington

George Washington George Washington is unanimously referred to as the "father of America". The first president of the United States of America, Washington set the manner for what was to become the most powerful seat of government in the country. The purpose of this paper is to provide biographical information on Washington and to explain why he is known as the "father of America". Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, on February 22, 1732, George Washington was the eldest son of Augustine Washington and his second wife, Mary Ball Washington. His five younger brothers and sisters were Elizabeth, Samuel, John, Augustine, Charles, and Mildred (who died in infancy). Washington's two half brothers, Lawrence and Augustine, were fourteen and twelve years older than he, but the three boys liked and respected one another.1 When Washington was three the family moved to a larger plantation further up the Potomac River. It was called Epsewasson, or Little Hunting Creek, from the name of the stream it faced. Young Washington grew to love the estate with a passion that lasted all his life. Some years later Augustine bought a farm on the Rappahannock, opposite Fredericksburg, and moved the family there. The plantation, Ferry Farm, was the place where Washington chopped the cherry tree down.2 When Washington was eleven, his father died. The plantation at Epsewasson was granted to Lawrence. Lawrence added to the estate and renamed it Mount Vernon, in honor of Admiral Vernon, under whom he had served in the West Indies. George went to live with Augustine at Wakefield because Henry William's school, one of the best in the colony, was located nearby.3 Little is know of George Washington's schooling. He was probably tutored at home for a while, and may have attended school in Fredericksburg before going to Henry William's school. At fifteen he was ready to do practical surveying. He was good in mathematics; he was a neat penman and an accurate mapmaker. In 1748, Washington went to live with his half brother, Lawrence, at Mount Vernon. Lawrence, who became something of a substitute father for Washington, had married into the Fairfax family, prominent and powerful Virginians who helped launch Washington's career. An early ambition to become a naval officer had been discouraged by Washington's mother; instead he turned to surveying.4 Lord Fairfax, a cousin of Lawrence's wife and master of more than five million Virginia acres, was fond of Washington and hired him to help survey his holdings beyond the Blue Ridge Mountains. The work was difficult, but Washington did well. In about a year, the surveying was completed, and, partly through Fairfax's influence, Washington was appointed surveyor of Culpeper County, his first public office. He took the oath of office on July 20, 1749.5 By 1753, the growing rivalry between the British and the French over the control of the Ohio Valley, soon to erupt into the French and Indian War, created new opportunities for Washington. He was a grown man at twenty, who already owned his first plot of Virginia land, bought with money borrowed from Lawrence. In 1753, Governor Dinwiddie made him a major of militia and sent him, with a message, to the French commander of Fort Le Boeuf. The note protested the building of a chain of French forts between Lake Ontario and the Ohio River. Near Great Meadows, Washington surrounded and attacked a party of thirty-three Frenchmen. Ten Frenchmen were killed, and twenty-two were captured. This action has been credited with starting the Seven Year's War. The French sent out nine hundred men to retaliate this slaughter. Washington, upon hearing of the arriving French threat, built a crude fort, aptly named Fort Necessity. The French badly beat Washington and he signed a document that he thought stated he attacked the party at Great Meadows. However, the document was written in French, which Washington could neither read nor speak, and the document that Washington signed stated he assassinated the party. The confession of the attack set off the world war.6 In 1755, Washington volunteered to join General Braddock and a large army to attack Fort Duquesne. Despite Washington's warnings, Braddock's troops marched in typical European fashion-long rows of men, drums beating and banners flying. For the French and Indians hiding in the woods and behind rocks, it was little more than target practice. Out of 1,400 officers and men, three fourths were killed or wounded; even Braddock himself was killed.7 That same year, Governor Dinwiddie made Washington colonel and commander of all Virginia militia forces. This was a high and well-deserved honor for the 23-year-old officer. The

Hedgehog Facts

Hedgehog Facts Hedgehogs (Erinaceidae) are a group of insectivores that are native to parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Hedgehogs are small mammals with rotund bodies and distinct spines made of keratin. They come by their unusual name as a result of their foraging behavior: They root through hedges to find worms, insects, and other food while making pig-like grunting sounds. Fast Facts: Hedgehog Scientific Name: ErinaceusCommon Name(s): Hedgehog, urchin,  hedgepig,  furze-pigBasic Animal Group:  MammalSize: Head and body: 5 to 12 inches; tail: 1 to 2 inchesWeight: 14–39 ouncesLifespan: 2–7 years depending on speciesDiet:  OmnivoreHabitat:  Parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, New Zealand (as an exotic species)Conservation  Status:  Least Concern Description Hedgehogs have a round body and dense spines on their back. Their belly, legs, face, and ears are free of spines. The spines are cream-colored and have brown and black bands on them. Hedgehog spines resemble those of a porcupine but they are not easily lost and are only shed and replaced when young hedgehogs reach adulthood or when a hedgehog is unwell or stressed. Hedgehogs have a white or tan face and short limbs with long curved claws. They have poor vision despite their large eyes but they have a keen sense of hearing and smell, and they use their sharper senses of smell and hearing to help them locate prey. Oksana Schmidt/Getty Images Habitat and Distribution Hedgehogs are found in many locations across Europe, Asia, and Africa. They are not present in Australia, North America, Central America or South America, though have been introduced to New Zealand as an exotic species. Hedgehogs occupy a variety of habitats including forests, grasslands, scrublands, hedges, suburban gardens, and agricultural areas. Diet Although they belong to the group of mammals formerly known as the insectivores, hedgehogs eat a varied diet that includes more than just insects. Hedgehogs feed on a variety of invertebrates such as insects, snails, and slugs as well as some small vertebrates including reptiles, frogs and birds eggs. They also feed on plant materials such as grass, roots, and berries. Behavior When threatened, hedgehogs crouch and hiss but they are better known for their defensive tactics than their might. If provoked, hedgehogs usually roll up by contracting the muscles that run along their back and in doing so raise their spines and curl their body and enclosing themselves in a protective ball of spines. Hedgehogs can also run quickly for short periods of time. Hedgehogs are for the most part nocturnal mammals. They are occasionally active during the day but more often shelter themselves in shrubs, tall vegetation or rock crevices during daylight hours. Hedgehogs construct burrows or use those dug by other mammals such as rabbits and foxes. They make nests underground in burrow chambers that they line with plant material. Some species of hedgehogs hibernate for several months during the winter. During hibernation, the body temperature and heart rate of the hedgehogs decline. Reproduction and Offspring Hedgehogs are generally solitary animals that spend time with one another only during mating season and when rearing young. Young hedgehogs mature in four to seven weeks after birth. Each year, hedgehogs can raise as many as three litters of young with as many as 11 babies. Hedgehogs are born blind and gestation lasts up to 42 days. Young hedgehogs are born with spines that are shed and replaced with larger stronger spines when they mature. Subspecies Hedgehogs are divided into five subgroups that include Eurasian hedgehogs (Erinaceus), African hedgehogs (Atelerix and Paraechinus), desert hedgehogs (Hemiechinus), and steppe hedgehogs (Mesechinus). There are a total of 17 species of hedgehogs. Hedgehog species include: Four-toed hedgehog, Atelerix albiventrisNorth African hedgehog, Atelerix algirusSouthern African hedgehog, Atelerix frontalisSomali hedgehog, Atelerix sclateriAmur hedgehog, Erinaceus amurensisSouthern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus concolorEuropean hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeusNorthern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus roumanicusLong-eared hedgehog, Hemiechinus auritusIndian long-eared hedgehog, Hemiechinus collarisDaurian hedgehog, Mesechinus dauuricusHughs hedgehog, Mesechinus hughiDesert hedgehog, Paraechinus aethiopicusBrandts hedgehog, Paraechinus hypomelasIndian hedgehog, Paraechinus micropusBare-bellied hedgehog, Paraechinus nudiventris Conservation Status Hedgehogs are listed as of Least Concern, as there are large populations of hedgehogs around the world. Many species of hedgehogs, however, are on the decline as a result of habitat loss, pesticide use, and poaching for use in traditional medicines. Conservation attempts are underway around the world; as a BBC article says: â€Å"A world without hedgehogs would be an uglier place. Hedgehogs and People Hedgehogs are well-loved animals and are featured in traditional childrens stories and fairy tales. Featured in tales by Beatrix Potter, the hedgehog retains its popularity in the Sonic the Hedgehog video game. Sources Coles, Jeremy. â€Å"Earth - Living in Harmony with Hedgehogs.†Ã‚  BBC, 19 Aug. 2015, www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150818-living-with-hedgehogs.â€Å"Hedgehog.†Ã‚  National Geographic, 21 Sept. 2018, www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/h/hedgehog/.â€Å"Hedgehog.†Ã‚  San Diego Zoo Global Animals and Plants, animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/hedgehog.

Assigment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Assigment - Assignment Example The salary review team will work based on the labor laws of the country. This team will be able to evaluate whether these claims form the nurses are substantial (Snow, 2008). The roles of the salary review team would also include a consideration of nurses who require salary increase. This would be in accordance with their job description and their performance while working at the health center. The review team would also analyze the previous performance appraisals in an effort to analyze the level of performance and skills exhibited by the nurses. After the review by the team, it would define new compensation packages for all the employees. This is because different nurses have a diverse range of skills and qualifications. Therefore, increase in salaries depends on the level of each nurse. In addition, I would organize motivation and empowerment programs that would help nurses appreciate the nobility of their profession (p. 5). The program would serve as a forum for helping them realize that the value of their work in providing health care is more important than the compensation

Asian Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Asian Culture - Essay Example Companies such as Toyota, Honda and Hyundai slowly made a name through their efficient and affordable models competing with homegrown brands such as Ford and General Motors. The McDonald’s catchphrase of ‘I’m lovin it’ has seen many translations in different countries to be consistent in each culture. Yes, to an extent there is truth that ‘trade follows manga.’ Personally I have heard of ‘Naruto’ and seen it in passing. I have also seen kids with the same character on some of their things including the head band which the main character wears. I am not quite sure if ‘Pokemon’ is a manga but as a Japanese anime it has been a constant sight in toy stores for years. But I have not bought any similar product nor had been propelled to buy Japanese brands for such reason. Yes, because hybrid advertising is the only way for them to reach out to that audience. It must be noted though that for most of these advertising strategies they target a specific demarcation which may already have in the first place an interest in the product. They do not have to please everybody especially overly conservative members of the population or else they run the possibility of losing the advertisement’s inherent content and message. What is acceptable is a personal conception and differs accordingly. Yes, I think that most countries are more accepting of Japan’s cuteness culture. It must be understood that most of these things cater to children and teenagers although there are still adult followings. What children like they like no matter what nationality they have. This is the same reason Disney movies or television shows are popular across the globe. Things like manga, anime and others are very appealing to particular demographics regardless of their geographical location. 6. As mentioned, new media microblogs are slowly replacing the traditional mainstream media, such as TV and newspapers. What do you think the new media will

Gene Therapy and Genetic Engineering for Curing Disorders

Gene Therapy and Genetic Engineering for Curing Disorders Introduction Now a days Gene therapy is a well known process of treatment of various genetic and other chronic diseases whereas, most of the drugs and vaccines have been discovered till now for almost all the kinds of diseases but still some of the diseases like cancer and AIDS are incurable. Hence, Gene therapy is seeking all the attention and is much beneficial. As gene therapy is the technique that deals with the treatment or the prevention of various diseases. Besides this, Genetic Engineering is another technique which is quite useful for designing, editing or creating a manual recombinant for the sake of getting a better trait, character or expression in the desired species i.e, recombinant insulin production in bacteria. Instead of growing human insulin in bacteria. Genetic engineering could theoretically be used to introduce the insulin gene into human cells that do not possess a functional copy. (That would still not cure diabetes unless these cells were also capable of appropriately increasing or decreasing their output of insulin according to conditions.) This type of genetic engineering is called gene therapy, the introduction of genetically engineered cells into an individual for therapeutic purposes. Three general requirements for gene therapy, first presented in 1980 should be shown in animal studies that; The new gene can be put into the correct target cells and will remain there long enough to be effective The new gene will be expressed in the cells at an appropriate level The new gene will not harm the cell or, by extension, the animal. These three requisites, summarized as delivery, expression, and safety, will each be examined in turn. These criteria are very similar to those required prior to the use of any new drug, therapeutic procedure, or surgical operation. The requirements simply state that the new treatment should get to the area of disease, correct it, and do more good than harm. Some flexibility is necessary since the criteria might be altered for a critically ill patient for whom no further conventional therapy is available. The exact definitions of what is long enough to be effective, what level is an appropriate level, and how much harm is meant by harm, are questions for ongoing discussion as more is learned about gene therapy. Ultimately, local Institutional Review Boards and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the latter through its newly created Working Group on Human Gene Therapy, must decide if a given protocol is ready for human application. Once the criteria are satisfied, that is, when the probable benefits for the patient are expected to exceed the possible risks, then attempts to cure h uman genetic disease by treatment with somatic cell gene therapy would be ethical. The goal of biomedical research is, and has always been, to alleviate human suffering. Gene therapy is a proper and logical part of that effort. (Anderson and Fletcher, 2010) Many diseases are genetically determined; for example, Huntington’s disease and cystic fibrosis (CF). Others are influenced by genes, but involve additional factors as well; for example, cancer and diabetes mellitus. Recent scientific developments make it possible for medicine to target such genetically related diseases at the molecular level, and thus offer the prospects of effective new therapies. The genes of somatic cells can be manipulated to modify a disease in an individual. If genes in germ cells are modified, a genetic disease may be prevented in progeny as well. In this essay, we will consider some of the scientific, social, and ethical issues associated with such genetic therapies. (Robert George, 2008) Genetic engineering is any process in which an organism’s genome is intentionally altered. Genetic engineering does not encompass traditional breeding techniques because it requires manipulation of an organism’s genes through cloning or transformation via the addition of foreign DNA. This process has five steps: Isolation of the genes Insertion of those genes into a transfer vector (a virus or a plasmid used as a conduit) Transfer of the vector to the organism to be modified Transformation of that organism’s cells Separation of the genetically modified organism (GMO) from organisms that have not been successfully modified. (Kathy, 2010) Genetic engineering is the direct alteration of individual genotypes. It is also called recombinant DNA technology or gene splicing, terms which are used interchangeably. Human genes can be inserted into human cells for therapeutic purposes. In addition, because all species carry their genetic information in DNA and use the same genetic code, genes can be moved from one species to another. (Pratik, 2007) Despite the everyday progresses of medicine solutions for human health, today cancer is still one of the biggest challenges for humanity. Thanks to the advancements in prevention and in treatment, the survival rate has been improved in the last few years. However, cancer remains one of the main causes of death worldwide with 8.2 million of death occurred in 2012. It is estimated that by 2020, there will be between 15 and 17 million new cases of cancer every year, 60% of which will be in developing countries. In economical developed countries the burden of cancer is a result of population aging and growth as well as an increasing adoption of cancer-associated lifestyle choices including smoking, physical inactivity, and ‘‘westernized’’ diets. Cancer, as definition, is the uncontrolled growth of cells that can occur in any type of tissue and, at the late stage, these cells lose their adhesion capacities and migrate to healthy tissues. Other than surgical treat ment, the different options are all based on a mechanical or pharmacological killing action against cancer cells, possibly avoiding the side effect damages of healthy cells. (Marco et al, 2015) Nanotechnology is one of the best promises to attack cancer cells more specifically, effectively and to reduce undesired side effects. In other terms, nanotechnology can be used to transport drugs to a specific site using specific keys such as antibodies. Moreover, in the context of developing innovative theranostics, nanomaterials could be used for imaging as a diagnostic tool and, at the same time, to stimulate and control the release of drugs in the cancer site. In the recent years numerous nanomaterials have been explored for potential theranostic applications for cancer therapy thanks to their properties. Compared to traditional molecular contrast agents or drugs, nanomaterials can be engineered to improve and integrate multiple functions in a single system also to give the control of drugs release, being of hope for the building of a next generation of anticancer tools i.e, Graphene. (Shanmugam, 2014) Materials and Methods Gene therapy is defined as â€Å"the treatment or prevention of disease by gene transfer† and involves the genetic modification of human cells by introducing one or more new genes. There are two types of gene therapy somatic and germ line: †¢ Somatic cell gene therapy involves the genetic modification of any cells in a patient’s body apart from the reproductive cells (egg and sperm). The intention is to confine changes to the individual being treated and the parts of the body where the illness is experienced (such as the lungs with cystic fibrosis) so the genetic alteration should not be passed on to the patient’s children. Somatic cell gene therapy is the only form that is permitted in this country. †¢ Germ line gene therapy involves genetically modifying a fertilised egg and therefore will affect not only the individual that develops from it, but also their offspring and successive generations. Because no actual therapy of an individual is involved, it is more accurately called germ line gene transfer. Although germ line genetic modification of plants and animals is now commonplace, germ line genetic modification of humans is currently banned in this country. This is in line with an existing world-wide consensus that such techniques should not be allowed because of the serious ethical and health implications of modifying the human germ line. (Mountain, 2000) In vivo is the working on germ line gene therapy within an organism. In vitro is related to the somatic cell gene therapy outside the organism i.e, in Lab. Restriction Enzymes Restriction enzymes are enzymes used to cut DNA at specific sites. There are several hundred restriction enzymes currently known and each cuts DNA at a different nucleotide sequence; these target sites are generally about four to eight nucleotides long. Each of these restriction enzymes is a normal product of a particular bacterial species, and most are named after the bacteria from which they are derived. Each species’ restriction enzyme cuts the DNA from other species, but not its own, because its own DNA does not contain the nucleotide sequence that is the target site for its own enzyme. (Pratik, 2007) Methods of DNA transfer Various methods of DNA or gene transfer are as follows; (Sukharev, 2010) Human Gene Therapy At present, the only human tissue that can be used effectively for gene transfer is bone marrow. No other cells (except, perhaps, skin cells) can be extracted from the body, grown in culture to allow insertion of exogenous genes, and then successfully reimplanted into the patient from whom the tissue was taken. In the future, as more is learned about how to package the DNA and to make it tissuespecific, the intravenous route would be the simplest and most desirable. However, attempting to give a foreign gene by injection directly into the bloodstream is not advisable with our present state of knowledge since the procedure would be enormously inefficient and there would be little control over the DNAs fate. Studies are considerably more advanced with bone. Patients with serious genetic diseases have little other hope at present for alleviation of their medical problems. Arguments that genetic engineering might someday be misused do not justify the needless perpetuation of human suffering that would result from an unnecessary delay in the clinical application of this potentially powerful therapeutic procedure. (Anderson and Fletcher, 2010) Arguments against Human Germ line Gene Therapy The ethical arguments against the use of a human germline gene therapy fall into three categories: Potential clinical risks The broader concern of changing the gene pool, genetic inheritance of the human population Social dangers. Ethical Issues Results In recent years, a variety of techniques have been developed to identify genes associated with specific diseases. Since 1990, when the first protocols for gene therapy were approved, over 100 new research protocols have been initiated for a variety of diseases, In the case of somatic cell therapies, the nature of a particular disease and other factors determine the specific cells targeted for genetic manipulation. Target cells have included lung, liver, white blood, endothelial, and cancer cells. All research to date has involved somatic cells, and the techniques used make improbable the spread of altered genes to germ cells. However, it seems likely that we will ultimately be able to alter the genes of germ cells, so that whatever changes are made are passed on to the subjects’ progeny. In current therapies (all of which are somatic cell), vectors are used to introduce new genetic material into target cells. Vectors are agents to which new genetic material is attached. A lot of betterment and efficiency have been observed by the implementation of the methods of gene therapy in curing disorders. Hence, gene therapy along with the genetic engineering plays an important role in the health care of human as well besides the animals and plants. The point is, it is just taken under a limitation by some of the organizations regarding to some ethical issues otherwise it is the futute treatment of all the diseases. Conclusions Gene therapy not only brings the prospect of treatments for previously untreatable illnesses, it may also enable the prevention of certain diseases through the correction of genetic disorders. However, it is clear from gene therapy under development that, in the short to medium term, most gene therapy will not be used for prevention but for developing more effective ‘genebased’ treatments for cancer and AIDS. Although gene therapy has been heralded as a major breakthrough in medical science, it also carries the potential for abuse and for commercial imperatives, not human need, to drive its progress. The demands of industry in maintaining investor confidence may increase the dangers to patients through secrecy and poor supervision. Placing too much emphasis on genes as the determining factor in health and disease may lead to prolongation of suffering as a result of other underlying causes being neglected. It may also give rise to new insidious practices of genetic discrimination in areas such as employment, insurance and health care. Avoiding the pitfalls whilst reaping the benefits of gene therapy is the challenge for politicians and regulators. Crucially, society must not be overcome by ‘genetic determinism’ or ‘genetic thinking’ and the hype of the biotechnology companies if health care issues are to be addressed effectively. References Sade RM, Khushf G., 2008, Gene therapy: Ethical and social issues, Carolina Med Assoc. 94(9):406-410. Kathy Wilson P., 2010, Biotechnology and genetic engineering, pg.12 Pratik Satya, 2007, Genetic Engineering and genomics, pg.95-122. Mountain A., 2000, Human Gene Therapy: A cure for all ills, Tibtech, 18: 119-128. Anderson and Fletcher, 2010, human Gene Therapy, Scientific and ethical considerations, The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, 10:275-291. Marco Orecchioni, Roberto Cabizza, Alberto Bianco and Lucia Gemma Delogu, 2015, Graphene as Cancer Theranostic Tool: Progress and Future Challenges, Theranostics, 5(7): 710-723. Shanmugam V, Selvakumar S, Yeh CS., 2014, Near-infrared light-responsive nanomaterials in cancer therapeutics, Chemical Society reviews; 43: 6254-87. Sukharev, SI, Klenchin, VA, Serov, SM, Chernomordik, LV Chizmadzhev, YA., 2010, Electroporation and electrophoretic DNA transfer into cells. The effect of DNA interaction with electropores. Biophys, 63 (5):1320-1327.

History of the Trumpet Essay

Trumpets are one of the oldest instruments. In ancient times, people used animal horns or shells like a trumpet. It was first used for signaling in ancient China (2000 BC), Egypt (1500 BC), and Scandinavia (1000 BC). It was long and had no valves. In Roman times, the trumpet was played at military and civilian ceremonies. The first musical use of the trumpet was in the late 1300’s where it had acquired the folded shape similar to today’s. In the 1500’s, Nuremberg, Germany became the center of trumpet making. During that time, the first music for trumpets was written. In the late 1700’s, the trumpet became a regular member of the orchestra. Short pieces of tubing called ‘crooks’ were invented and used to lengthen or shorten the trumpet so it could play more notes. In the 17th to 18th century, trumpets were mostly in the key of D of C for courtly purposes and E flat or F in the military. The valve trumpet was invented in 1815, making crooks unnecessary. Today, trumpets are usually played in orchestras, jazz bands, brass ensembles, popular music and bands. Different sized trumpets have different pitches and are used in different musical groups. Most trumpets in bands are in the key of B flat major. Historically, trumpets were used for many different things but music was not thought of until the late 1300’s. Louis Armstrong , born in 1901 and died in 1971, was a trumpet player. He was one of the most famous and influential trumpet player in Jazz history. Many people thought he was the greatest jazz cornet and trumpet player in the world. He was born in New Orleans and he learned to play the trumpet while serving a sentence for delinquency in the Home for Coloured Waifs. Dizzy Gillespie, born in 1917 and died in 1993, was also a trumpet player. He was an American trumpet player, composer, and band leader. Dizzy Gillespie’s real name is John Birks Gillespie. He was born in Cheraw, South Carolina. Dizzy co founded the bebop jazz movement with Charlie Parker and Thelonious Monk. I have chosen a recording to listen to, from a CD called Trumpets in Modern Jazz. It is called ‘Kush’ and the performer is Dizzy Gillespie. I chose this recording because I knew Dizzy Gillespie was famous and I wanted to hear how he played the trumpet and to see if he really is as good as everyone says. Trumpets may be loud and annoying sometimes but they have survived through the years so treat trumpets with respect and it might let out the best music in the world.

Kinh Do Bakery

Executive summary This report was aimed at analyzing current issues in the organizational environment of KDC and providing recommendation for the company to improve its performance regarding environment. The analysis focuses on the external environment of KDC. Overall, KDC has a quite favorable external environment to a certain extent to make out the most of it. However, each of the factors in its external environment have good and bad effects on its outcome, realizing and understanding all of which can help the corporation to exploit the most from the environment and avoid mistakes reducing its achievements.External environment is divided into general and specific factors. In the general environment, economics is enduring massive fluctuations, making customers cut down expenditure and turn to economically efficient products. The political condition in Vietnam is stable, appropriating for applying in a long time. Whereas, the life styles of people are under a considerable change, the y adopt time- saving meals, which is an opportunity for instant foods of KDC. Nevertheless, the instant foods are also proved not to be so good for health.Finally, beside a potential domestic market, which possesses an ideal population structure, as Vietnam joined in WTO, it comes a chance of extending KDC’s market into the world. In the specific environment, because of the significant drop in people’s income comparing to real value of commodity, the purchasing power of customers decreases. The widespread of fake and low quality goods turns out to be an opportunity for KDC as people trust in established organizations.Regard the potentiality of confectionery industry development in Vietnam, it is easy to understand the vast number of KDC’s rivalries in the market, and despite the leading role of KDC, the others have their own considerably outstanding strengths. KDC has a wide variety of suppliers both from domestic and abroad, which bring not only benefits but al so disadvantages due to the differences in price and the distance to deliver. Finally, pressure groups always react in case of wrongdoings.With a view to solve the problems and exploit the market, KDC should cut down the price, diversify the products, build development and extend plans. They also should consider more about the responsiveness to the consumers and society I. Introduction KD is a big corporation which is the combination of many subsidiaries and each of which has the specialized production. However, when it comes to the brand name of KDC, people often associate it with the confectionary production, which is under implement of Kinh Do Bakery.Established in 1993, after 19 years of development, this company has become the leading one in the food industry. KDC is considered to be one of the well-known joint- stock company which is not only dominating in the market of Vietnam but also expanding to the international scope. In the recent years, though the economic recession ha s put a lot of pressure on the well-being of many companies, KDC still has the good performance and even make the incredibly high profit in the stock market of Vietnam.The annual report of KDC reveals that in 2011, the revenue increased by 32% and on average every SBU achieved the growth level of 2 digits. As food processing is the main production activities and also the base for the development of the whole group, the annual turnover from this section strikingly accounts for nearly 90% of the total revenue for the corporation. The customer that KDC targets at is the Vietnamese one especially children because normally, the confectionary good is more preferred by this group than the adults.Therefore, what the company is producing and providing to the market is of various kinds including candies, cakes, soft drinks, ice cream and other product made from milk. In addition, they have the desire for bringing their products to the world market to consolidate their position and get more pr ofit. No matter what strategic goal that KDC aims at, they always consistently follow the mission of the company which providing customers with the safe, delicious and nutritious products and trying to meet the changing their needs to fulfill the dream of making life better day by day.By that way, KDC can maintain its long-established reputation in the food industry as well as sustainable and non-stop development in the future. II. External environment analysis of KDC 1. General environment like any other organizations KDC is affected by its general environment which includes economic, political , sociocultural, demographic, technological and global conditions. 2. 1 Economic conditions Recently, Vietnam’s economy has been undergoing massive fluctuations which have affected almost companies including KDC.First of all, the years ranging from 2008 up until now, the issues of escalating inflation and high interest rate have posed numerous threats to businesses (Tu 2011). It is un doubted that those components of the economy have changed spending behaviors of customers, who may cut down their expenditures on luxuries as well as become more critical about what to buy and how much to buy. This may be a real challenge for KDC since the corporation is well known for high quality and costly products. 2. 2 Political/ legal conditionsThere is no doubt that political and legal situation of each nation always exerts profound effects on its business performance. In terms of politics, it is widely accepted that political environment in Vietnam is relatively stable, which gives KDC an opportunity to apply its development policies in a longer time frame without having to follow various political institutions. Concerning legal aspect, Vietnam Government provides and enforces Business Law by which an organization operates. For instance, in May1st, 2012 the Tuotre. vn reported that Vietnam Government passed through the Law which required higher minimum salary.Consequently, K DC had to spend more on salary for its employees. Hence, legal environment in Vietnam not only brings about advantages to a confectionary producing firm like KD but also creates barriers to the expansion and development of the corporation. 2. 3 Sociocultural conditions In recent years, Vietnam’s society and cultures have been experiencing considerable changes, which brings about the change in consumers’ life styles. One of which is adopting time saving meals instead of traditional ones, which is beneficial for instant foods industry- the major of KDC.This can be regarded as a big opportunity for all the businesses which manufacture instant food like KDC. Meanwhile, there is also another dominant trend in today’s society which to some extent may affect KDC. That is the shift in the Vietnamese perception in the importance of health in their lives. Thus, it is trendy now that more and more people put much emphasis on food hygene and safety when making choices of fo od. It means that they are tending to consume the products which are rooted in long-established and well-known brands.This is undeniably an obvious advantage to KDC which is by far top-of-mind company in Vietnam food industry. However, it is also posing challenges for KDC considering the confectionary sector. It is universally known that the products such as candies, cream cakes and so on are among the major causes of obesism, which may lead to cardiovascular diseases and other serious problems (Bang 2011). As a result, people in modern culture with educational improvements have been gradually changing their tastes to adjust to products which contain low fat and cholesterol intake.This would be a big issue for KDC which operates in the field of manufacturing products with high volume of sugar, milk and butter. This is a big challenge for KDC to innovate the ingredients in its products to meet these new requirements from its customers. 2. 4 Demographic conditions As reported in the C IA World Factbook in 2011, Vietnam has an ideal population structure, consisting of more than 90% of youth and mature people within working age. This has contributed to creating a vibrant and potential market for KDC in private and food industry in general.Moreover, this striking pattern in age structure of the country also brings about a significant benefit for KDC, which does business in food manufacturing sector with high demand for labors. 2. 5 Technological conditions It is obvious that technology is a very active element filled with numerous opportunities and threats to enterprises. First of all, as widely accepted, the introduction of modern technology helps simplify a variety of complicated and time-consuming manufacturing processes, contributing to optimizing efficiency and improving profits for many firms.However, in Vietnam, it seems to be an immense challenge since there is a shortage of qualified staffs to meet the new requirements of knowledge economy such in-depth und erstanding of advancements in science and technology. In addition, our country also ranks behind many other countries in the world in the field of technological applications as well as transferring. According to the Report of the World Economic Forum (WEF) published in recent years concerning technology indicators, the order of our country is 92 out of 117 hile that of Thailand is 43. Hence, it can be concluded that this would an immense challenge for KDC to cope with technological issues today given the explosion of newly emerging technologies, which has and has been making existing ones become quickly obsolete and need innovating much more frequently than ever. 2. 6 Global conditions As reported in the VTC news, Vietnam has officially become a member of the World Trade Organization-WTO. This has marked an important turning point in the country’s development in all aspects.In terms of economy, joining the WTO has given domestic enterprises an opportunity to integrate into th e global economy, expanding their scope of market. Nevertheless, it may also pose threats to many firms as it would attract more and more foreign investment into the country, creating harsh competition in domestic economy. KDC may also be put under this threat unless it could reinforce its outstanding position in customers’ mind. In addition, the opening of the country’s economy to the global one also means that our economy will be influenced by fluctuations in other economies.In recent years, the whole world has been suffering a long period of economic downturn, which has resulted in a dramatic decrease in purchasing power even in developed countries. Thus, not only KDC but also numerous enterprises all over the world would have to address this problem to gain an outstanding position in the gloomy picture of global economy. 2. Specific environment 3. 7 Customer According to Stephen P. Robbins and Mary Coulter, the specific environment is the external factors directly affecting managers’ decisions and actions and is of the most relevant components to the achievement of the organization’s goals (Robbins2009, p. 8). As specific environment is unique to each organization, it is worth analyzing the specific environment of KDC to find out its opportunities and threats. Customers seem to be first mentioned as an organization’s existence is for their demands. Consequently, this is the objective that organizations have to satisfy initially. Naturally, customers always want to buy goods at the lowest price and highest quality, which pushes organizations to race in the field of price and product’s quality pressure.It is quite challenging in the case of price pressure as the price of inputs is increasing faster over time whereas the income and purchasing power of consumers are limited. According to the Vietnam economic forum, in 2009, GDP of Vietnam decreased by 51 years in comparison with Indonesia, 95 years with Thailand and 15 8 years in comparison with Singapore (Le Khac 2012). In the article titled â€Å"Moi lo lon: gia ca tang cao thu nhap tang cham† (2007), the author also mentioned about the alarmingly increasing trend of necessary goods including food, which had strong negative impacts on the living standard of people with low income.Despite the increase of production cost, organizations still have to maintain their quality of goods because without it, consumers will reduce their purchase. Especially in the context of fake goods and low quality goods widely spread in the market, the challenge that KDC has to face is not easy. The article â€Å" sua kem chat luong, banh keo qua ‘dat’ tran lan† (2005) reveals that market control forces discovering successively increasingly cases of producing and delivering fake and low quality goods, included products faking KDC’s, which absolutely negatively affects the prestige of the company.However, the number of consumers trustin g in KDC and buying its products always ranks first in comparison with other domestic confectionery companies, showing the advantage of it over the rivals, the total revenue of 4 other largest companies in term of confectionery which are Hai Ha, Huu Nghi, Biscafun and QNS is only equal to 73% of KDC’s (2012). One more problem that the company itself realized is that the bird flu, which affects the quality and price of eggs_ the major ingredients in making KDC’s products, raised the cost of production and reduced the sale of the products (2012). . 8 Competitors Although KDC is the largest confectionery company in Vietnam, it does not mean that it can eternally maintain the current position without caring about other less successful companies and other kinds of competitors. The main current rivalries of KDC are Hai Ha, Huu Nghi, Biscafun and QNS. While KDC focused on the high and medium grade products, others tend to pursue producing the common grade products. And wherea s KDC is the leader in the market share of moon cake, AFC and sweet biscuit, those 4 companies also ave their strong positions in other products: BBC lead in candy market, HHC lead in chew and Jelly market, Huu Nghi well-known for Tet jam and industrial salty bread, which also bring them great profit and still tremendously potential to exploit (2012), from the research, we realize that although the way KDC is following is highly profitable and still grow fast, it may be rather risky when the income of consumers is low and they cannot afford its products in the future, in that case, they can turn to other brands.It also exists the case of consumers changing their tastes, and demand more the products that KDC does not focus to, which can reduce sharply its sale revenue. Additionally, the confectionery industry is one of the most potential industries in Vietnam ( from 2008 to 2012 the production of confectionery increases by 114. 7% per year despite the depression  (2007), so the cha nce of new entrants coming to it and take parts of KDC market share is of high likelihood 3. 9 SuppliersRegardless of however potential the market is, without suppliers, a company cannot perform anything. Suppliers, defined as who provide not only materials and equipment but also financial and labor resource, play a crucial role on the well-being of companies. In the case of KDC, the suppliers of raw materials are determined by its vision and mission. As the quality of products is what factory puts the most emphasis on, KDC has a tendency to coordinating with the partners of high prestige supplying high quality and clearly-rooted materials.The main inputs such as sugar, eggs, flour, admixtures are taken from the domestic market while milk powder and chocolate are from the global one, particularly, France, Thailand, Australia, and New Zealand. It can be acknowledged as an opportunity of KDC because the materials in the internal market are always available and it just has to deal with negligible carrying cost. Whereas, the wider spread of supplier network over the world market enables KDC to be flexible in ensuring the inputs for production.Along with the opportunities, suppliers also pose a lot of threats to the company in different ways, the first of which is through prices. As announced in the annual report of KDC in 2011, due to the inflation, the firm suffers from dramatically increasing and unstable prices of material together with the rises in salary and utilities expense, which leads to a significant drop in total revenue of KDC. Moreover, as KDC imports some materials from the external market, they are the price takers. Therefore, they will encounter some problems because of the fluctuations in the world prices.Back to the domestic market, the changing prices of inputs, especially sugar is really a pending issue. Not only KDC but also many confectionery producing corporations also get exhausted with the discrepancy between the sugar price at the beginni ng and the end of the harvest. While the price of confectionery does not change by 10 % per year, the sugar price fluctuates by nearly 30% (Hung, cited in thesaigontimes. vn, 2012) What is more, company effectiveness of performance is reduced significantly by supply chain disruption especially in global sourcing.Rob Handfield (2011, p3) points out that the delay in supplying can cut down shareholder value by as much as 10% or even worse in ‘time-sensitive† environments where early market introduction is critical to success. KDC also gets part of its inputs from the external market through shipping so it is impossible to avoid the risk of supply chain disruption, which means a great deal of time and money wasted. 3. 10 Pressure groups. One more factor that a firm often has to bear in mind derives from pressure groups, which are the ones attempting to influence the actions of organization.Every organization has its own pressure groups and as for KDC, the 2 groups that have the role in regulating KDC’s performances are Environmental Protection Group and Customer Right Protection Group. The EPG takes investigation of the treatment to wastes from production activities of KDC to determine whether it does harm to environment or not. If there is any problem, they will reflect it through the medium to force the company to correct it or make some compensation. The CRPG monitors the action of KDC from the step of taking inputs to processing and packaging to ensure it is safe to the health of customers.As the social attitudes change so does the power of pressure groups. In 2008, KDC had been blamed for using milk powder that contains melamine- one toxic substance- to produce cakes. Under the pressure of media, KDC had to carry out a careful test to make sure that the production was absolutely reliable. ( Thao, cited in baomoi. com,2008) | | | | | III. Recommendations In term of specific environment, as confectionery demand is rather elastic due to its e normous number of close substitutes, the lower the price is, the higher the demand is, especially in these dark days of the economy.Hence, it is obvious that KDC should take a set of actions in terms of price to motivate consumers to purchase more such as reducing the price of products, or giving promotions when they buy a certain large amount. Such programs will not only raise the company’s revenue but also make its reputation much more well-known. The marketing work also should be taken into consideration since the current advertising campaign of KDC is not of high effectiveness. Thus to make the quality of its products known and then highly regarded by people, it should promote advertising and marketing strategy.As regard competition, to be more competitive to best exploit the market, it is thought that KDC should research and build development plans, diversifying its products and expanding to other markets, this will both helps KDC to avoid the case of lower revenue due t o the change of consumers’ taste and bring about enormously larger revenue if successful. For the suppliers, the careful analysis over opportunities and threats that supplier chains bring about gives the implications for the company to direct its actions. As for KDC, to minimize the negative impacts of suppliers, it has to face 2 ill-minded questions.The first one is how to reduce the purchasing prices of inputs. To enjoy the low-cost sourcing, it is advised that KDC should make a periodical purchase with extreme amount of materials. By that way, KDC is benefit from the great negotiation power over its partners about the prices. Another question is how to manage the risks from tardy delivery progress. According to Handfield, the most critical action is to develop the supplies chain strategies to detect the problems, assess the negative impacts and also mitigate them.In the case of KDC, they should sign the strict contracts with its partners, forcing them to adhere to the cont racts to ensure about the delivery progress. Moreover, it is better for KDC to make plans of frequently checking the materials left to be active in ensuring the inputs for manufacturing. Besides suppliers, KDC should pay attention to the pressure groups. The only way to get out of the impacts of them is doing things right. In particular, KDC is encouraged to give priority to the customer rights by providing the safe goods to consumers with appropriate prices.Moreover, it is necessary to develop a business plan of manufacturing parallel with protecting environment. It is the way KDC performs its social responsibility. Turning to external forces in the general environment, there is no denying that KDC should take these components into thorough consideration. Concerning opportunities, the firm should understand and take advantage of them to reinforce its competitive advantage over other competitors. For instance, in terms of demography, Vietnam seems to be a dynamic and potential marke t for confectionary products.Therefore, KDC should seek the ways to expand their scope of production as well as diversifying their items to meet new requirements from different customers. Turning to the issues that are generated by the general environment, the firm should stay alert and pay more attention to them if it does not want to be put under serious losses. Specifically, it is obvious that KDC should take into account the fluctuations in the open market as well as changes in the Government rules and regulations to respond quickly and make appropriate adjustments for its strategic management.IV. Conclusion To sum up, it is concluded with no doubt that KDC is doing an extremely good business, which brings about a strikingly high economic profit and also gets the KD’s brand name familiar with the customers in the domestic market as well as the global one. To attain this achievement, beside some internal factors of the company such as the good manager, skillful employees o r great capital, the external environment of KDC also makes a significant contribution.The general factor, which include economic, demographic, technological, social, cultural, political/legal, global, though do not have the direct impacts on the performance of KDC, they still serve as the frame to set the standard for all business activities. On the contrary, KDC is influenced by four specific elements namely customers, suppliers, competitors and pressure groups. They act as the determinants of the success or failure of KDC. Hence, it is required for KDC to carefully understand the opportunities as well as threats that these factors pose on the company to have the right direction for development in the future.REFERENCE ‘Danh sach nha cung c? p nguyen li? u cho Kinh Do. ’ 2011 [online] Available at URL : . http://www. tuhaoviet. vn/index. php/tin-tuc/tieu-diem/199-dac-diem-cua-nganh-banh-keo-viet-nam#. ULFf_4c2aIU. KDC (Accessed on November 24,2012) Hung, 2012, ‘ Nien v? mia du? ng 2012/13 : cu? c chi? n gia c? ’ [online] Available at URL : http://www. thesaigontimes. vn/Home/kinhdoanh/dautu/84914/Nien-vu-mia-duong-2012/13-Cuoc-chien-gia-ca. html. 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